Certified vs. sworn vs. notarized translation — what's the difference?

Certified translation — includes a signed Certificate of Accuracy confirming the translation is a complete and faithful copy of the original. It's the global standard and is accepted by most governments, courts, and universities, especially in common-law countries.

Sworn translation — required by many civil-law countries (for example, a German beeidigte Übersetzung). It's produced by a translator who has taken an official oath before a court or government body.

Notarized translation — adds a layer of legal authentication: an Estonian Notary Public verifies the translator's identity and witnesses the signing, turning the translation into a public document. (The notary confirms the signing, not the wording.)

Apostille package — combines the translation, notary appointment, and a government-issued Apostille in one step, for maximum acceptance abroad.